View Metadata
Glaciers, 1996
- Identification Information
- Data Quality Information
- Spatial Data Organization Information
- Spatial Reference Information
- Entity and Attribute Information
- Distribution Information
- Metadata Reference Information
- Identification Information
- Citation
- Originator
- Environmental Systems Research Institute (Redlands, Calif.)
- Publication Date
- 1996
- Title
- Glaciers, 1996
- Geospatial Data Presentation Form
- vector digital data
- Series Information
- Series Name
- ArcAtlas
- Publication Information
- Publication Place
- Redlands, Calif.
- Publisher
- ESRI
- Online Linkage
- https://www1.columbia.edu/sec/acis/eds/dgate/studies/C1301/data/esri_1996_world_glaciers.zip
- Abstract
- Glaciers, 1996 is a polygon theme representing glaciers worldwide.
- Purpose
- For educational, non-commercial purposes. This dataset is appropriate for use in a GIS.
- Supplemental Information
- Glaciers are natural bodies of ice on the earth's surface that originate, for the most part, from the atmosphere. Gravity causes glaciers to flow, much like liquid water flows, only more slowly. They have a variety of shapes, including floes, systems of floes, domes (shields), and floating plates. Glaciers form when more solid precipitation (snow and ice) accumulates than melts each year. Glaciers are classified into two types: mountain (flowing) glaciers and cover (spreading) glaciers. Their areas range from fractions of a square kilometer to millions of square kilometers. They contain about 99% of the earth's fresh ice, for a total of approximately 30 million cubic kilometers of ice. Glaciers occupy more than 16 million square kilometers, or 10.9% of the earth's land area. Glaciers transform the planet's surface by erosion, transportation, and accumulation of material. The impact of glaciers on the landscape is comparable to the impact of river runoff. Glaciers are permanently formed by climate and other factors. Climatic transformations are mainly cyclic (seasonal, millennial, etc.). The greatest climatic fluctuations known from the geological record caused alternating glacial and interglacial periods in the history the earth.
- Temporal Extent
- Currentness Reference
- publication date
- Time Instant
- 1996
- Bounding Box
- West
- -180
- East
- 180
- North
- 90
- South
- -90
- Theme Keyword
- inlandWaters
- Theme Keyword Thesaurus
- ISO 19115 Topic Categories
- Theme Keyword
- Glaciers
- Theme Keyword Thesaurus
- None
- Place Keyword
- Earth
- Place Keyword Thesaurus
- Library of Congress Subject Headings
- Temporal Keyword
- 1996
- Temporal Keyword Thesaurus
- None
- Access Restrictions
- For current Columbia affiliates only.
- Use Restrictions
- For educational, non-commercial use only.
- Status
- Complete
- Maintenance and Update Frequency
- None planned
- Point of Contact
- Contact Organization
- ESRI
- Delivery Point
- 380 New York Street
- City
- Redlands
- State
- California
- Postal Code
- 92373-8100
- Country
- USA
- Contact Telephone
- 909-793-2853
- Contact Facsimile Telephone
- 909-793-5953
- Contact Electronic Mail Address
- info@esri.com
- Hours of Service
- 7:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Pacific time, Monday-Friday
- Native Data Set Environment
- Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850
- Data Quality Information
- Attribute Accuracy Report
- Glacier boundaries were drawn using large-scale materials. While drawing, relief and other natural factors, especially climate, were considered. The outlines were generalized in such a way as to maintain the configuration of glaciers. In some cases, areas of glaciers are exaggerated to illustrate the geographical distribution of the phenomenon.
- Lineage
- Source
- Originator
- Institute of Geography of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Publication Date
- Unpublished
- Title
- Atlas snezhno-ledovykh resursov mira.
- Geospatial Data Presentation Form
- atlas
- Type of Source Media
- paper
- Source
- Originator
- Dolgushin, L. D.
- Originator
- G. B. Osipova
- Publication Date
- 1989
- Title
- Ledniki
- Series Information
- Series Name
- Priroda mira
- Publication Information
- Publication Place
- Moscow
- Publisher
- Mysl'
- Type of Source Media
- paper
- Source
- Originator
- Glebova, L. N., V.S. Korjakin, I. A. Loseva
- Publication Date
- 1984
- Title
- Oledenenie Yuzhnoj Ameriki
- Series Information
- Issue Identification
- 50
- Publication Information
- Publication Place
- Moscow
- Publisher
- MGI
- Type of Source Media
- paper
- Source
- Originator
- Mercer, Z. N
- Publication Date
- 1967
- Title
- Southern Hemisphere Glacier Atlas
- Publication Information
- Publication Place
- Massachusetts
- Publisher
- Earth Science Laboratory, U.S. Army
- Type of Source Media
- paper
- Spatial Data Organization Information
- Direct Spatial Reference Method
- Vector
- Point and Vector Object Information
- SDTS Terms Description
- SDTS Point and Vector Object Type
- G-polygon
- Point and Vector Object Count
- 1441
- Spatial Reference Information
- Horizontal Coordinate System Definition
- Geographic
- Latitude Resolution
- 0.000000
- Longitude Resolution
- 0.000000
- Geographic Coordinate Units
- Decimal degrees
- Geodetic Model
- Horizontal Datum Name
- D_Clarke_1866
- Ellipsoid Name
- Clarke 1866
- Semi-major Axis
- 6378206.400000
- Denominator of Flattening Ratio
- 294.978698
- Entity and Attribute Information
- Entity Type
- Entity Type Label
- glaciers
- Entity Type Definition
- Glaciers
- Attributes
- FID
- Internal feature number. (Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.)
- Definition Source
- ESRI
- Shape
- Feature geometry. (Coordinates defining the features.)
- Definition Source
- ESRI
- AREA
- Area
- PERIMETER
- Perimeter
- SAICEDD_
- South America
- SAICEDD_ID
- South America ID
- NAICEDD_
- North America
- NAICEDD_ID
- North America ID
- EUICEDD_
- Europe
- EUICEDD_ID
- Europe ID
- AUICEDD_
- Australia
- AUICEDD_ID
- Australia ID
- ASICEDD_
- Asia
- ASICEDD_ID
- Asia ID
- ANICELB_
- Antarctica
- ANICELB_ID
- Antarctica ID
- AFICEDD_
- Africa
- AFICEDD_ID
- Africa ID
- Distribution Information
- Format Name
- geopackage
- Distributor
- ESRI; ESRI International Distributors
- Name
- Metadata Reference Information
- Metadata Date
- 20090615
- Metadata Contact
- Contact Information
- Contact Organization Primary
- Contact Organization
- Research Data Services (RDS), Columbia University Libraries
- Contact Person
- GIS/Metadata Librarian
- Contact Address
- Address
- 420 W. 118th St. 215 IAB, MC 3301
- City
- New York
- State or Province
- NY
- Postal Code
- 10027
- Country
- USA
- Contact Voice Telephone
- (212) 854-6012
- Contact Electronic Mail Address
- data@library.columbia.edu
- Hours of Service
- 7:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Pacific time, Monday-Friday
- Metadata Standard Name
- FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
- Metadata Standard Version
- FGDC-STD-001-1998
- Metadata Extensions
- Online Linkage
- http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
- Profile Name
- ESRI Metadata Profile
