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<?xml version="1.0"?> <mods xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="3.7" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-7.xsd"> <titleInfo> <title>Classification of Forest Fragmentation in North America, 1992</title> </titleInfo> <name type="personal"> <namePart>Ritters, Kurt</namePart> <role> <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm> </role> </name> <genre valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2011026297" authority="lcgft">Geospatial data</genre> <genre valueURI="http://rdvocab.info/termList/RDAContentType/1001" authority="rdacontent">cartographic dataset</genre> <typeOfResource>cartographic</typeOfResource> <typeOfResource>software, multimedia</typeOfResource> <physicalDescription> <form>Raster Dataset</form> <digitalOrigin>born digital</digitalOrigin> </physicalDescription> <language> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </language> <abstract lang="eng" displayLabel="Abstract">This raster layer is a grid map of North America including the Caribbean and most of Mexico in GeoTIFF format. The map layer is an excerpt from a global assessment of forest fragmentation (Riitters et al., 2000). Each pixel value represents an index of forest fragmentation for the surrounding 81 sq. km. The map layer was created by applying spatial algorithms to a 1 sq. km. resolution map of global land cover (Loveland and Belward 1997) known as NAIGBP1_2L, obtained from the USGS Center for EROS Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) as part of the Global Land Cover Characteristics database (GLCC)(Loveland et al. 1991, 1999). One of six categories of fragmentation was identified for each forested pixel in North America from the amount of forest and its occurrence as adjacent forest pixels within a 9x9 pixel (81 sq. km.) window surrounding the pixel on the original land-cover map. The map layer describes one aspect of forest fragmentation at one scale. The forest fragmentation index is designed to distinguish among types of fragmentation (e.g., edges on the interior versus the exterior of a forest patch) and it also reflects differences in the absolute amount of forest present. However, no distinction was drawn between "natural" and "human-caused" fragmentation. This is a revised version of the May 2002 map layer, with a corrected shoreline for Greenland. This map layer was previously distributed as the Forest Fragmentation Index Map of North America. This layer is part of the 1997-2014 edition of the National Atlas of the United States.</abstract> <abstract lang="eng" displayLabel="Purpose">These data were originally created as part of a global analysis of forest fragmentation and other land-cover patterns based on digital land-cover maps derived from remote sensing and produced by the Global Land Cover Characteristics project. The map portrays continental patterns at relatively coarse scale and is considered a first step towards quantifying forest fragmentation and its potential impacts on biodiversity at landscape-scale levels of biological organization. No responsibility is assumed by the National Atlas of the United States in the use of these data.</abstract> <note lang="eng" displayLabel="Preferred citation">Ritters, Kurt. (2002). Classification of Forest Fragmentation in North America, 1992. National Atlas of the United States. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/gf689bt9239.</note> <note displayLabel="Use limitation">None. Acknowledgment of the National Atlas of the United States of America and (or) the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated in products derived from these data.</note> <note displayLabel="WGS84 Cartographics">This layer is presented in the WGS84 coordinate system for web display purposes. Downloadable data are provided in native coordinate system or projection.</note> <subject authority="lcsh" lang="eng"> <topic authority="lcsh" authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Fragmented landscapes</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lcsh" lang="eng"> <topic authority="lcsh" authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Landscape ecology</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lcsh" lang="eng"> <topic authority="lcsh" authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Biodiversity</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lcsh" lang="eng"> <topic authority="lcsh" authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Forests and forestry</topic> </subject> <subject authority="lcsh" lang="eng"> <topic authority="lcsh" authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects.html">Land cover</topic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6252001/">United States</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5879092/">Alaska</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4829764/">Alabama</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5551752/">Arizona</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4099753/">Arkansas</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" 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authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5855797/">Hawaii</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5596512/">Idaho</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4896861/">Illinois</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4921868/">Indiana</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4862182/">Iowa</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic 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authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6254926/">Massachusetts</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5001836/">Michigan</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5037779/">Minnesota</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4436296/">Mississippi</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4398678/">Missouri</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5667009/">Montana</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5073708/">Nebraska</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5509151/">Nevada</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5090174/">New Hampshire</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5101760/">New Jersey</geographic> </subject> <subject 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</subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4544379/">Oklahoma</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5744337/">Oregon</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6254927/">Pennsylvania</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5224323/">Rhode Island</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4597040/">South Carolina</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5769223/">South Dakota</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4662168/">Tennessee</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4736286/">Texas</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5549030/">Utah</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5242283/">Vermont</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6254928/">Virginia</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4138106/">Washington (D.C.)</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5815135/">Washington (State)</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4826850/">West Virginia</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5279468/">Wisconsin</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/5843591/">Wyoming</geographic> </subject> <subject lang="eng"> <geographic>U.S. Virgin Islands</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/3996063/">Mexico</geographic> </subject> <subject lang="eng"> <geographic>United States. Virgin Islands</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/4566966/">Puerto Rico</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/3562981/">Cuba</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6255149/">North America</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/3425505/">Greenland</geographic> </subject> <subject authority="geonames" lang="eng"> <geographic authority="geonames" authorityURI="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" valueURI="http://sws.geonames.org/6251999/">Canada</geographic> </subject> <subject> <temporal encoding="w3cdtf">1992-1993</temporal> </subject> <subject authority="ISO19115TopicCategory"> <topic authority="ISO19115TopicCategory" authorityURI="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode" valueURI="environment">Environment</topic> </subject> <subject authority="ISO19115TopicCategory"> <topic authority="ISO19115TopicCategory" authorityURI="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#MD_TopicCategoryCode" valueURI="biota">Biology and Ecology</topic> </subject> <subject> <cartographics> <scale>Scale not given.</scale> <projection>Custom projection</projection> <coordinates>W 180°--E 180°/N 86°10ʹ--N 3°2ʹ12ʺ</coordinates> <coordinates>W 180°--E 179°59ʹ22ʺ/N 86°9ʹ44ʺ--N 3°2ʹ33ʺ</coordinates> </cartographics> </subject> <subject displayLabel="WGS84" authority="EPSG" valueURI="http://opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/4326"> <cartographics> <projection>EPSG::4326</projection> </cartographics> </subject> <originInfo> <dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf" keyDate="yes">2002</dateIssued> <place> <placeTerm type="text">Reston, VA, US</placeTerm> </place> <publisher>National Atlas of the United States</publisher> </originInfo> <location> <url usage="primary display">https://purl.stanford.edu/gf689bt9239</url> </location> <recordInfo> <languageOfCataloging> <languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm> </languageOfCataloging> <recordContentSource>Stanford</recordContentSource> <recordOrigin>This record was translated from ISO 19139 to MODS v.3 using an xsl transformation.</recordOrigin> <recordIdentifier>edu.stanford.purl:gf689bt9239</recordIdentifier> </recordInfo> <relatedItem type="otherFormat" displayLabel="Scanned map"> <titleInfo> <title>Forest Fragmentation Index Map of North America</title> </titleInfo> </relatedItem> <relatedItem type="otherFormat" displayLabel="Scanned map"> <titleInfo> <title>Forest Fragmentation Index Map of North America</title> </titleInfo> </relatedItem> <extension displayLabel="geo"> <rdf:RDF xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"> <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://purl.stanford.edu/gf689bt9239"> <dc:format>image/tiff; format=GeoTIFF</dc:format> <dc:type>Dataset#Raster</dc:type> <gml:boundedBy> <gml:Envelope gml:srsName="EPSG:4326"> <gml:lowerCorner>-179.9999988 3.0426292</gml:lowerCorner> <gml:upperCorner>179.9894202 86.1623059</gml:upperCorner> </gml:Envelope> </gml:boundedBy> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF> </extension> <relatedItem type="host"> <titleInfo> <title>National atlas of the United States of America, 1997-2014</title> </titleInfo> <location> <url>https://purl.stanford.edu/cv275yx9215</url> </location> <typeOfResource collection="yes"/> </relatedItem> <accessCondition type="useAndReproduction">This item is in the public domain. There are no restrictions on use.</accessCondition> <accessCondition type="copyright">This work is in the Public Domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright.</accessCondition> </mods>
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